How effective is the USA coast guard diving team (USA-CG) Essay

How effective is the USA coast guard diving team (USA-CG) - Essay Example action since 4 August 1790 and has marked its existence as a military and maritime multi-mission department having its own a maritime law enforcement mission with jurisdiction in both domestic and international seas and a federal regulatory agency mission as part of its mission set. It was founded by Alexander Hamilton. Another privilege, as Benson .M (2004) puts it, which the coast guard team enjoys in the USA is its functional powers to conduct military operations under defence department. In this connection, coast guard team has performed operations noteworthy in War of 1812, Mexican war, Civil war, World war-1 and World war-2, Korean War, Vietnam war and most importantly the on going war on terrorism etc. According to Deniss .L (2004), enduring roles of the Coast Guard are Maritime Safety, Maritime Security, and Maritime Stewardship. Eleven statutory missions have been established to carry out these roles so that there remains no lapse for any negligence that might occur due to non-attainment of the roles. The claim that the United States coast guard team is the oldest seagoing service can not be denied because it had its origins in the birth of the United States of America. Coast guard team works on the motto of being always ready; in Latin it is known as Semper Peratus. This signifies that coastal guards or coast guard team is always ready for the action if situation calls for the necessity or whenever it is deemed as necessary the coast guard remains ready to take any action. It was calculated in the August 2009 and Benson .M (2004) also says the same, that the Coast Guard had approximately 42,000 men and women working actively while 7,500 working as reserve guards. It also had an estimated 29,000 helping guards; further engagement of 7,700 full-time civilians for operational works when occasion arises, offers a unique and multi-dimensional spectrum to the Coast Guard department. Though USA-CG has multi-dimensional operations to meet with the various

#10 El Nino Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

#10 El Nino - Essay Example In normal years, ocean current flows to the north towards the Equator down the western coast of South America. The water on the ocean surface was being drawn away from the continent and to be replaced by cold nutrient-rich water pushed upwards from the ocean depth. This process is known as upwelling. During this season, a good harvest is being anticipated by fishermen of the area. Further, colder weather is experienced by the people living in this area since the ocean surface is cold during this time. During El Nià ±o year, the warm pool of water flows eastward until it spreads in the entire Pacific Ocean. For this reason, the cool water of the South American coast is replaced by warmer waters, thus weakening the upwelling process (Trenberth 1997). In effect, the surface of the sea temperature rises beyond the normal range. This occurrence means heavy rainfall and eventual flooding in some South American countries and drought and very dry season in Indonesia, Australia, the Philippines, Papua New Guinea, and Northeastern South America with altered patterns of tropical storms in the tropical belt (Enfield n.d.). Global warming is also a great contributor to this kind of phenomena. The coastal warming is being associated with a more widespread irregular ocean warming to the International Dateline and it is this Pacific basin-wide phenomenon that forms the link with strange global climate patterns. This component joined to El Nià ±o is called the Southern Oscillation (Trenberth 1997). ENSO (El Nino-Southern Oscillation) is the phenomenon where the atmosphere and ocean collaborates together. The El Nino phenomenon is the warm phase of ENSO, and its opposite, La Nià ±a, the occurrence where cooling of the tropical Pacific takes place corresponds to the cold phase of ENSO. The El Nià ±o, or ENSO for scientists, can be considered as a normal occurrence based on nature patterns studied by some scientists. But still, it greatly affects global climate

Consumer Behavior Topics Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Consumer Behavior Topics - Research Paper Example This document also discusses the influence of culture on consumer behavior with reference to Hofstede’s (1980) cultural model, and the adult consumer’s decision-making process. Impact of Digital Revolution on Consumer Behavior Digital revolution means the massive change brought by the digital electronics and information and communication technology particularly since the second half of the 20th century and continues to this day. Digital revolution is sometimes also referred to as the third industrial revolution. It began with the invention of transistor in 1947 which led to the creation of more advanced and powerful digital computers. First personal computers eventually appeared in 1970s. During 1980s these computers became more familiar with the government and general public of developed nations and by the late 80s computers became a necessity of many businesses around the world. World Wide Web was released to public by 1992 and soon enough many corporations started to quote their websites in their ads. Cell phones became very common in 2000 and 3 billion people use cell phones worldwide by the end of the decade. Tablet computers and smart phones have now appeared and are expected to exceed the number of personal computers by the end of 2015. Digital revolution has made drastic changes to the overall business environment around the world. It has influenced the way consumers around the world think about the products and the way they search for the products that cater to their needs. In short the digital revolution has changed the consumer behavior to a great extent. The revolution has also promoted competition among the global firms. These changes can be seen as follows: Through internet, particularly through the websites of corporations and their products, consumers now have easy access to more information than ever before. Consumers have more choice and more power than before. The way buy and sell transaction and handled and recorded have significantly changed. Marketers can now offer better quality and greater quantity of their products and services to individual buyers. Communication between the marketers and consumers is faster and vivid which enables relationship building, exchange of ideas and negotiation. The great use of digital tools and information and communication technology is the essence of digital revolution and it continues with every new invention that supports the human life. At present day technologies like smart phones, GPS device (Global Positioning System), Notebooks and tablet PCs, social networking etc. have changed our lifestyles by how we communicate, stay up-to-date and interact with each other. Internet has made communication is faster than before and the information is on our finger tips even on the go. All these changes and innovations have had a major impact on both the consumer behavior and marketing. Through the use of latest technology in e-commerce it’s now possible for corporations to showcase their products online at their websites and the customers have the ability to purchase their required products online through credit cards. For example, it’s now possible to order a tailor-made Toyota from a Tokyo car showroom and have the car delivered to you within a short time period. Handheld devices with internet capabilities have made the tasks of end-user buying and selling quite easier. By accessing GPS they can know for sure where in the world their desired product or service is available and best suited to their requirements. Hence, the behavior of consumers has changed in a drastic manner by digital revolution. Through social networking sites like Facebook and Twitter; forums and

Assignments Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Assignments - Essay Example Sporadic outbreak of serious epidemics demands maximum service from the health care sector. The role of nurses becomes crucial at this juncture. A nursing student should be well trained in epidemic management and care. So it is advisable for nursing students to attend such epidemic stricken areas as part of their curriculum. Caring older people is an important aspect of nursing job. The geriatric community is very vulnerable and hence dealing with them requires good training. Usually the elder people are dependent both physically and mentally. Attending to the patient’s nutritional intake, personal hygiene and mobility is a time consuming process. Once they are with the elder patients they get to know them better, especially their individual personality. In addition to these elderly patients suffer from conditions like dementia. Interacting with such patients with mental dependence demands a lot of patience from the nurse’s part. Assignments 1st Assignment Different com munities have their own specific traditions which will be very useful in treating them. Many ethnic medical practices were found to be useful in modern medicine. A close observation of the tribal community opens the storehouse of ethnomedicine and native wisdom. The tribal people are aware of many herbs which have medicinal value and can be used as panacea to many fatal illnesses. In addition to this, knowing the customs and manners of a community makes the interaction with them easier. For that, a trip to any ethnic religious ceremony or family function can be included in the course. â€Å"At a practical level, nurses must be cognizant that culture affects individual and collective experiences that are directly and indirectly related to health† (Singleton & Krause, 2009). This helps the student to experience the intensity of family relationship and moral values particular to that group. This knowledge can be useful for the nurse to make necessary arrangements for them in the hospital when they come for treatment later in life. Knowing more about other culture and customs can help the student improve his outlook about the world, thus broadening the frontiers of knowledge on traditions, religion and languages. As a result of this program the student develops; 1. Awareness of the cultural background of the patient 2. Sensitivity to the cultural needs of the patient 3. Expertise in implementing culturally based strategies to provide better health care 2nd Assignment The need for serving an epidemic affected community can be best illustrated by analyzing the activities of a nurse in an epidemic outbreak like Malaria. In such a situation, a nurse is required to have expertise in taking the medical history of the patient, collecting blood samples, should have an idea of the therapeutic guidelines in treating the disease. The nurse should also know vector management and control, and record keeping and documentation of medical information. While engaging in epi demic management, the student learns to give health promotion guidelines to patients to remain alert in preventing further outbreaks. This rapid assessment of epidemic involves ‘assessment of current circumstances and scope of the damage’ (Veenema, 2007, p. 182). In addition to this, they learn the different follow up techniques to be used among the patients in the post outbreak period. As part of their course, they can keep a record of their activities in the endemic affected area. This

Tort Law - differences between the principles of negligence and strict Essay

Tort Law - differences between the principles of negligence and strict liability - Essay Example Although this notion of liability was not quickly recognised, by the early nineteenth century, it came to be recognised that one could claim damages for negligent or wilful conduct of another contrary to law as held in Ansell v Waterhouse 1. Historical development But this was confined to a few well recognised factual situations wherein a duty had been assumed to exist. Complications arose when defendant acted in pursuance of contractual obligation. Hence, by early nineteenth century, a party to a contract could sue another party for breach of tortious duty mandated by law. Thus, it began to be recognised that a stranger to a contract could sue for damages or injury caused due to negligent conduct in the execution of a contract. For example, pedestrian being injured due to negligence of coachman. Duty existing between manufacturers, suppliers and consumers who are bound by a chain of contracts also came to be recognised in due course. Originally plaintiff could only claim under his c ontract and was barred to claim under contract he was not a party to. This meant that each of the party had to protect its own rights through separate warranties under their respective contracts. Early cases have dealt with manufacturers’/suppliers’ liability for defective goods or equipment supplied. It was often questioned whether a plaintiff not being a party to the initial contract of sale or supply could claim the warranty benefit promised by the manufacturer or suppler2. Negligence In Winterbottom v Wright3, question arose whether the plaintiff could claim for injury sustained by him due to the defendant’s negligent driving of the coach the former had hired under a contract with the Post Master General. Three judges gave opinions favouring the defendant holding that there was no privity of contract between the plaintiff and the defendant as otherwise there would be endless stream of claims coming from strangers. It is argued that the stand taken by the thr ee judges is at odds given that a pedestrian could claim from the defendant for any injury sustained by him due to negligent driving of the defendant coachman. Therefore, negligence claims have to satisfy the following the criteria. 1. The defendant must owe a duty of care towards the claimant (plaintiff). 2. That duty has been breached by the defendant. 3. The breach of the defendant has resulted in loss or damage to the claimant. 4. The loss sustained through defendant‘s negligence is not too remote or is within the scope his duty.4 Three-stage test In order to avoid frivolous claims, a three stage test was prescribed by the House of Lords in Caparo v Dickman 5 by effectively recasting the neighbourhood principle originally enunciated by Lord Atkin in Donoghue v Stevenson6, the three stage-test being 1) foreseeability of harm or loss, 2) sufficiency of proximity of relationship between the parties to the dispute, and 3) justness, fairness and reasonableness of imposing duty on the defendant/injurer in all circumstances. Thus, in Caparo, the auditors Dickman were held not liable to the claimant Caparo for their misstatement in the audited accounts of profits as ? 1. 3 m instead of an actual loss of ? 465,000 relating to Fidelity Plc. The House of Lords reasoned that auditors had no

Human Sexuality Essay Example for Free

Human Sexuality Essay Sexuality refers to concern or interest in sexual activity. On the same note, human sexuality is a term that implies sexual contact or intercourse as well as concerns in relation to the psychological and physiological features of sexual practices. Internet pornography is the on-line material that explicit sexual activities in order to stimulate profane rather than appeal feelings (Goldstein, Kant, Legal and Behavioral Institute, 1973). It is widespread, cheap, easily accessible and readily available. It bears noting that about ninety percent of pornographic information is from the internet and men are the pre-dominant internet pornography consumers. It is therefore important to study internet pornography since it presents an opportunity to directly target consumers of pornography. The aim of this paper is to show the impacts of internet pornography on individuals, our sexuality and culture as well as that of the society. Dangers of internet pornography consumption cannot be underestimated. For instance, it psychologically diminishes sexual happiness while increasing incidences of oral sex, bestiality and group sex. In addition, many sexual offenders use pornography to arouse themselves just before committing the crime. Additionally, addiction to pornography leads to both low self-esteem as well as a higher degree of tolerance to abnormal sexual behaviors. In addition, internet pornography causes men to start viewing girls and females as sex objects for their lustful sexual needs. Moreover, many young children get exposed to obscene images through internet pornography which lures them to early sexual practices. As a result, they become sexually unhealthy later in life. Among the teenagers, pornography causes poor development of sexuality (Lo Wei, 2005). Pornography causes higher marital infidelity, likelihood of divorce, separation and devaluation of monogamy. On the same note, it causes sexual dissatisfaction as well as debasing thousands of women. Additionally, women who are involved in pornography production suffer both direct and indirect adverse effects. Moreover, children whose parents consume pornography encounter decreased parental attention and financial strain. These consequences expose such children to lifelong traumatic emotional responses and early onset of sexual intercourse which may lead to increased risk of sexually transmitted diseases. Internet pornography is a social problem that is widespread as it comes with drug addiction. This makes an individual to develop a weakened ability for a meaningful social life. Consumers of internet pornography may sexually molest children as they seek to satisfy their sexual gratification. Furthermore, it causes imitative harm by modeling crimes such as rape which are imitated by offenders. It also harms the moral standards of the community and offends the credibility of the victims of sexual abuse. Besides, indulgence in internet pornography results in more a more sexually dominating behavior in men. In addition, women and girls loose a healthy self-image when they see their husbands and fathers watching pornography. To add to the bargain, internet promotes distortion of minds of young people breeding them into future rapists, sex addicts and homosexuals (Slade, 2001). According to current research, internet pornography presents human sexuality and culture in ways that are distorted and morally wrong. It disrespects the dignity of humans and by acting as a sexist and corroding their conscience. In addition, this vice has affected the lives of people distorting their conceptions on sex and sexuality (Lo Wei, 2005). Based, on the adverse effects of internet pornography, various concerns have been raised in relation to this. There is also the need to protect the purity and innocence of children for a better future. Besides, it is important that parents evaluate the exposure of their children to internet pornography. It is evident that repeated exposure to internet pornography increases prevalence of deviant sexual behavior to an individual as well as distorting the society, culture and perceptions on sexuality. In order to curb this, internet pornography should be censored.

Bakhara marketplace Essay Example for Free

Bakhara marketplace Essay Siad Barre’s rule was oppressive and divisive. Once an intelligence officer of the Italian fascists, he pitted clans against each other as a diversion from his decreasing popularity. Due to the strategic location of Somalia at the entrance to the Red Sea, it became of interest to both the United States and the Soviet Union during the Cold War. By 1966 Soviet Union became a supporter of Somalia and this would go on for 10 years. It supplied the country millions worth of arms and military equipment. But a territorial conflict between Somalia and Ethiopia in 1977 over the annexation of the Ogaden region of Ethiopia which is believed to be part of Greater Somalia saw a shift of support by the Soviet Union to Ethiopia which strained the relationship of the two countries. Siad Barre renounced their Treaty of Friendship and Cooperation, expelled all Soviet advisers, and ejected all Soviet personnel from Somalia. Barre then switched alliance with the United States. It supplied him with a total of $154 million worth of weapons and military equipment from 1981-1991. In this decade, Somalia descended into chaos with the continued warring clans. An insurgent group formed by the Hawieyah clan, the United Somali Congress, ousted Siad Barre from power in January 1991. Internal disputes led to a power vacuum and Somalia plunged into civil war. Two different faction leaders within the United Somali Congress announced their claims to power: Ali Mahdi Mohammed and Mohammed Farah Aidid. â€Å"It was this war, coupled with bad harvests, which led to the horrifying scenes of starvation that were televised around the world in 1992. By the end of 1992 about 350,000 Somalis had died. Another 1. 5 million, close to one-fourth of the remaining population, were thought to be in danger of starvation without massive food aid. â€Å" Somalia’s plight attracted international food aid. The United Nations launched Operation Provide Relief (UNOSOM – I) in August 1992 for Somalia. But the mission failed in their objective because food and supplies were often stolen and utilized as leverage for securing loyalty from clan leaders while almost three hundred thousand Somalis died of starvation. In December 1992, responding to the United Nations’ call for assistance, President George Bush obtained an approval from the U. N. that the United States combat troops lead an intervention force to Somalia. This was the famous Operation Restore Hope whose initial objective was to secure trade routes in Somalia so food could get to the people. The deployed troops would be sent home in time for then President Bill Clinton’s inauguration. Shortly upon his assumption of office, President Clinton intended to trim down U. S. troops in Somalia to be substituted by the United Nations peacekeeping troops. UNOSOM II was launched in March 1993 to restore order, improve infrastructure, and to help set up a representative government as part of its â€Å"nation building† mission in Somalia. During the inspection of Somali weapons storage site on June 5, 1993, 24 Pakistani soldiers were killed and it was believed that Aidid was responsible. The hunt for Aidid followed. Several military operations were done from June 12 to 16 in relation to Aidid’s capture including bombing a house in the capital, Mogadishu, where clan leaders were gathering. Four Western journalists investigated the scene but were beaten to their deaths by Somalis. By August 1993, four U. S. military police were killed and six soldiers were wounded. Then Task Force Ranger consisted of 440 elite troops from Delta Force led by General William Garrison flew into Mogadishu with the mission to capture Aidid. On that fateful October 3, 1993 the group raided the Olympia Hotel in Mogadishu. What followed was a seventeen-hour urban battle where eighteen U. S. soldiers were killed and eighty-four were wounded. Unfortunately, the Olympia Hotel was located east of the crowded Bakhara marketplace. Hundreds of Somalis were part of the casualties. However, the mission led to the capture of three important Aidid senior officers and about twenty Aidid supporters hiding within. News stories flashed and printed by the international media showed â€Å"chilling pictures of dead and captured Americans†, â€Å"television footage on CNN showed a frightened, wounded Blackhawk helicopter pilot†¦under interrogation by his Somali captors†, â€Å"Somalis watching as the body of an unidentified American was dragged through the streets at the end of a rope. †